十九世纪后期中日教育思想变革及其实际成效——张之洞、福泽渝吉教育思想之比较

The Changes of Educational Ideas of China and Japan in the Late 19^(th) Century——A Comparison of Zhang Zhidong and Fukusawa Yukichi’s Educational Ideas

19世纪中叶中日两国面对资本主义列强的入侵,几乎同时在各方面进行着一系列改良运动。日本的明治维新取得了巨大的成功,而中国的洋务运动却屡遭挫折,在很大程度上是因为只变革制度而固守封建本位思想,在人才培养、观念革新诸方面陷于僵化。通过对张之洞和福泽渝吉这两位两国变法代表人物的教育思想加以比较,从教育的角度对当时中日两国的改良运动及其实际成效作一初探。

From the middle 19^th century, both China and Japan were confronted the invasion of capitalism powers, and processed a series of reformative measures in various aspects at the same time. The Meiji Reform of Japan acquired immense achievements. However, the Westernization Movements in China suffered lots of frustrations, the main reason was Chinese innovators only learned and transformed some systems, and persisted their feudalistic ideas in many aspects, such as personnel training and conception reforming. Through comparing the educational ideas of Zhang zhidong and Fukusawa Yukich, the representative characters of Chinese and Japanese, the article tries to explore reform movements and their actual effects for both countries from educational views.