仁与公正——先秦儒家与亚里士多德德性总汇的比较

Humanity and Justice——Comparison of Virtuous Confluence between Confucianism of Pre-Qin Dynasty and Aristotle

先秦儒家和亚里士多德分别建立了德性伦理体系,其德性总汇分别是仁和公正(正义)。两者相似之处有:以调节人际关系为使命,是利他性美德,诉诸某一规范作为标准,包含、统摄并指导着其他德性,受中庸(中道)的制约;相异之处有:产生的社会基础不同,诉诸的规范不同,道德层级不同,视角不同,主导机制不同,后世影响不同。比较的意义在于:取他之长,补己之短。

Confucianism of Pre - Qin dynasty and Aristotle had respectively established system of virtuous ethics, and their virtuous confluences were respectively humanity and justice. The resemblances are regulating people＇s social relationship, altruistic virtues, relying on a criterion, containing -commanding- guiding other virtues, and being restricted by golden mean principles. However, there are distinctions such as emerging in different social base, different criteria, different moral levels, different points of view, different dominant mechanism, and different influences to later ages. The significance of comparison is to overcome one＇s short - coming by learning strong points from others.