13个绵羊品种的遗传多样性分析

Analysis of genetic diversity in 13 sheep breeds

【目的】探讨中国13个绵羊品种内的遗传变异情况及各品种间的亲缘关系。【方法】选用联合国粮农组织(FAO)和国际动物遗传学会(ISAG)推荐的11对微卫星引物,结合荧光-多重PCR技术,检测了10个中国地方绵羊品种和3个引进品种的基因型;通过计算基因频率、多态信息含量和遗传杂合度,以Nei’s遗传距离为基础,采用非加权组对算术平均聚类法(UPGMA)和邻近结合法(NJ)构建聚类图。【结果】13个中外绵羊品种被聚为4类:威宁绵羊、昭通绵羊、汉中绵羊和迪庆绵羊为第Ⅰ类,豫西脂尾羊、太行裘皮羊、泗水裘皮羊、巴什拜羊和策勒黑羊为第Ⅱ类;腾冲绵羊为第Ⅲ类,3个引进品种无角道赛特羊、萨福克羊和特克塞尔羊为第Ⅳ类。【结论】11个微卫星座位可作为有效的遗传标记用于各绵羊品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。

[Objectivel The genetic variability and genetic relationship of the thirteen sheep breeds were studied. [Method] The genotypes of 10 indigenous Chinese sheep breeds and three introduced breeds were investigated using 11 microsatellite DNA markers recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） and the International Society of Animal Genetics （ISAG） through fluores- cence-multiplex PCR. The allele frequency, polymorphism information content （PIC）, and heterozygosity were computed to estimate the genetic variation of each population. To determine the genetic relationships among the breeds, phylogenetic trees were constructed based on Nei＇s genetic distance using the unweight- ed pair-group method with arithmetic mean and neighbor-joining method, [Result] 13 breeds were clus- tered into four groups. The first group included Weining, Zhaotong, Hanzhong,Diqing,the second group Yuxi Fat-Tailed,Taihang Fur, Sishui Fur,Bashibai,Cele Black,the third group Tengehong and the forth group foreign breeds such as Poll Dorset,Suffolk,and Texel. [Conclusion] The eleven microsatellite loci were effective markers for the analysis of genetic relationship among sheep breeds.