苦杏仁油制备生物柴油的工艺条件研究

Technological condition of converting biodiesel from bitter almond oil

【目的】研究用苦杏仁油制取生物柴油的方法和工艺。【方法】采用正交试验,对酯交换法制取苦杏仁生物柴油的工艺条件进行研究,并通过气相色谱法分析生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯的组成和含量,同时对生物柴油的性能参数进行检测。【结果】以KOH为催化剂制取苦杏仁生物柴油的最适宜工艺条件为:醇油比(物质的量之比)为7∶1,催化剂用量为1.2%(质量分数),反应温度60℃,反应时间60 min,搅拌速度600 r/min;生物柴油脂肪酸甲酯主要有棕榈酸甲酯、棕榈油酸甲酯、硬脂酸甲酯、油酸甲酯和亚油酸甲酯;所制备的生物柴油主要性能指标达到了国家车用0#柴油的标准。【结论】苦杏仁油是优良的生物柴油原材料。

[Objective] The conversion of bitter almond oil to biodiesel was studied, which can enlarge the oil trees resource and provide a theoretical reference for other oil trees to transform to biodiesel. [Method] The novel biodiesel from bitter almond oil transesterification with methanol was prepared. Parameters of the process of the biodiesel were investigated by orthogonal experiment. The contents and compositions of the biodiesel were analyzed by gas chromatography. The properties of the biodiesel were measured. [Re- sult] The optimum conditions were as follows： catalyst amount （KOH） 1.2% ,methanol to oil 7 ： 1,reaction temperature 60 ℃, reaction time 60 min, and stirring speed 600 r/min. The main components of hiodiesel are methyl palmitate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate and methyl linoleate. The main performance indexes of the biodiesel as a fuel have reached the standards of 0# petroleum diesel in China. [Conclusion] The bitter almond oil is a good raw and processed materials for biodiesel.