财政决策的民生导向探讨

A Probe into the Livelihood-oriented Fiscal Decision-making

近年来,民生问题受到了社会各界尤其是政府部门的广泛关注。在此背景下,财政改革的"民生"色彩愈加凸显。尽管如此,民生领域的诸多问题还有待进一步解决。要促使民生不断改善,具体要求在财政决策上以民生为导向,调整和优化财政支出结构,完善财政转移支付制度;支持社会保障体系的建设,以增强民生之安全感;完善收入分配政策,较好地解决民生之源;建立充分反映民意的利益表达机制,真正了解民生之需求;规范权力运作机制,为财政关注民生提供制度和机制保障;进一步明确各级政府之间在民生事务方面的事权,健全财力与事权相匹配的财政体制。

In recent years, all social circles, particularly the governments at all levels, show a great concern about the problem of the people＇ s livelihood. In such a background, the people＇ s livelihood in fiscal reform is becoming more and more outstanding. However, a lot of problems in the sphere of the people＇ s livelihood remain to be solved. In order to urge the improvement of the people＇ s livelihood incessantly, the following specific requirements should be met： the livelihood-oriented fiscal decision-making should be persisted, so as to adjust and optimize the fiscal expenditure structure and perfect the fiscal transfer payment system; to support the construction of the social security system, so as tO enhance the sense of sa（ety of the people; to perfect the income distribution policy, so as to have a better solution to the fundamental problem of the people＇ s livelihood; to establish the mechanism for interest expression to fully reflect public opinions, so as to really understand the people＇s want; to standardize the power operation mechanism, so as to provide institutional and mechanical safeguard for the people＇s livelihood from the national finance; to further pinpoint the responsibilities of the governments at every levels for the people＇s livelihood, and to perfect the fiscal system of matching financial resources with responsibilities.