高速列车乘客室内轮轨激励噪声的贡献度分析

Acoustic Contribution Analysis of Passenger Room of High-Speed Train Under Wheel-Rail Excitation

建立了高速列车头车一轨道的耦合动力学仿真模型、车身的有限元模型、乘客室的声学边界元模型，计算出了由轨道不平顺引起的乘客室内的噪声分布状况，利用声传递矢量（ATV）技术。分析了乘客室面板对声压最大点的贡献度，得出了如下结论：当列车运行速度为200km／h时，各场点的A声级在62．6—66．7dB之间变化；300km／h时，各场点的A声级在65．2～71．1dB之间变化；要降低声压最大场点的噪声，宜对后部端墙上的门及车底第三块板采取措施．

A series of models of high-speed trains, including the dynamic coupling model of vehicle and track, the finite element model of train body and the acoustical boundary element model of passenger room, were established. Then, the noise distribution in the passenger room caused by track irregularity was calculated. Moreover, the panel contribution to the highest acoustic pressure in the passenger room was analyzed using the technology of acoustic transfer vector. The results show that, at the speeds of 200 and 300 km/h, the noises at sound level A in the pa- ssenger room vary within the ranges of 62.6 - 66.7 dB and 65.2 - 71.1 dB, respectively ; and that, in order to re- duce the noise at the point with the highest acoustic pressure in the passenger room, some measures should be adopted at the door on the back wall and at the third panel on the floor.