基于流域生物资源保护的水库生态调度

The Effect of Different Reservoir Operating on Biological Resource in the Basin

阐述了流域水电开发对流域生物资源的影响途径:通道阻隔、水库淹没、径流调节、水温变化等,探讨了流域水电开发对河流连续性、河道洪枯过程、库区生境等生态功能的影响方式。结合三峡水利枢纽工程实例,针对宜昌断面基于流域生物资源保护的流量要求,建立了以水电站发电效益最大为目标的长期优化调度模型,并采用差分进化法进行优化求解,获得了相应的水电站水库调度出流过程,并在此基础上采取人造洪峰、提高下泄水温等生态修复方式保护流域生物资源。建议水库运行调度应在考虑工程功能的同时,兼顾下游及水库的生态功能,以达到流域水资源开发与保护流域健康的生态系统相协调的目的。

This paper expounds many man-made changes over different kinds of circulation patterns and impacts on the ecosystem function of the river systems when the large dam constructed across river, ecological function changes on the continuity of river,process between the wet and dry seasons and habitats of the resevoir area are analysed. combined with practices of Three Gorge Project, with respective to the ecological requirement of the yichang Section, a long - term optimal operation model, which is to maximize the total output of power generation of the reservoir, is established and is solved by using differential evolution method. The reservoir release discharge process are obtained. Based on the research , we may take artificial flood-peak and water temperature increasement and other biological reconstruction It is proposed that the large dams ecological dispatch measures to ease t he ecological im- pact of water resource development .