论政府职能的逻辑结构、演化机制及目标选择

On the Government Functions' Logical Structure,Evolution Mechanism and Targeting

政府及其职能的界定从来都是难以理清的问题。从行政学政府出发,政府承担着保卫、统治、管理和服务的职能属性,扮演着"政治人"、"经济人"、"文化人"和"社会人"的角色。保卫与统治属于政治职能,"经济人"、"文化人"履行着管理的任务,"社会人"承载着服务角色。因此,任何政府都是政治职能、管理职能和服务职能的有机统一体。从系统论的功能优化理论出发,我国政府职能的目标选择是建构政府"三元三维一体模式",即政府的政治、管理和社会职能(三元),凸显政府危机管理能力,提升、关注政府管理效率与致力于政府公共服务(三维)。

The definition of the government and its functions has always been the problem which is difficult to be sorted out. From the administration, the government is commitment to the functions of security, rule, management and service, and playing the role of ＂political people＂, ＂economic people＂, ＂cultural people＂ and ＂social people＂. The security and the rule belong to the political function. ＂The economic people＂ and ＂ the cultural people＂ are fulfilling the duty of management, and ＂the social people＂ is playing the serving role. Therefore, any government is the organic unity of political functions, management functions and service functions. On the functions of the system optimization theory, the targeting of our govemment＇s functions is to construct ＂the ternary, three - dimensional integrated Pattern＂, namely the political, management and social functions （Ternary） ; highlighting the improvement of the ability of crisis management, concerning about the government＇s management efficiency and devoting to the public service （3D）.