减小水面横比降的新型弯道--反超高渠底弯道研究

Research on Inverse Extra-high Late-model Bend Channels

在实际工程布置时,因受地形条件等限制,急流弯道往往难以避免,其水流流态异常复杂。因此弯道急流的改善问题是实际工程中需要解决的具体问题。针对如何降低弯道急流水面横比降,改善水流流态等问题进行研究,提出了一种凸岸渠底升高、凹岸渠底降低的"反超高"渠底型弯道,简称"反超高渠底弯道"。给出了这种弯道的水力设计方法,并进行了试验研究。结果表明,"反超高渠底弯道"对改善弯道水流表面横比降具有明显效果。

In actual hydraulic projects, because of the constraints of topography,the supercritical flow bend is often inevitable,then the fluid state becomes extrmely complex. Therefore the improvement of supereritieal flow bend is a specific problem which needs to be resolved in actual projects. By making a study of how to reduce the transverse gradient of the water surface and improve the currents of water fluid state, this paper gives a new method named ＂inverse extra-high on bended channel base＂ And according to this method, we can take measures to raise the board height of convex banks and debase concave banks, then shaping a horizontal gradient bended channel board. It gives the hydraulic design method based on ＂inverse extra-high on bended channel base＂, research is done on the method and then it is confirmed that the method proposed in this paper has an obvious effect on reducing the curve water surface horizontal gradients. The designing ideas are also proved and the designing method is reasonable concerning ＂inverse extra-high on bended channel base＂.