高压小流量离心泵流体动力学分析

Hydrodynamic Analysis of the High-pressure Small-flow Centrifugal Pump

以高压小流量离心泵为研究对象,应用FLUENT软件模拟研究了离心泵内部流场分布及空化现象。采用SIMPLE算法和κ-ε湍流模型及Mixture多相流模型,根据试验测得的数据设定边界条件,模拟计算了小流量、设计流量和大流量等工况下高压小流量离心泵内部流场状况。对离心泵内部空穴现象进行的模拟分析发现,在叶轮进口低压区气泡体积较大,是容易产生气蚀的部位,从理论上解释了实际产品容易在进口区发生气蚀;应用计算流体动力学模拟得到的离心泵性能曲线的变化趋势与理论及试验推导出的常规运行状态下的特性曲线是相一致的。

The interior flow simulation and cavitations in high-pressure small-flow centrifugal pump were studied. The interior flow field of centrifugal pump was simulated under the experimental conditions at small flow, design flow, and large flow according to SIMPLE algorithm, κ-ε Turbulent-flow model and Mixture multiphase model. Based on the simulation analysis of centrifugal pump cavitation, it is found that air-bubble is bulky in the impeller imported low-voltage area, in which the cavitation is easy to produce, which explains theoretically that the practical product is easy to produce cavitation in the imported region. The simulated performance curve of centrifugal pump based on computational fluid dynamics is consistent of the characteristic curve deduced by theory and experiment of the routine operation.