老年糖尿病病人膳食中膳食纤维含量的调查分析

An investigation of dietary fiber content in Chinese elderly diabetics

对36例62～87岁的城市老年糖尿病病人进行了为期两个季度，每个季度三天的膳食调查，计算出每人每日平均摄入膳食纤维10．1士4．3g。同时对调查对象的热能、营养素摄入情况及食物构成等进行分析。该组老年糖尿病病人热能分配不尽合理，脂肪摄入偏高，碳水化合物偏低，钙、锌和视黄醇当量略低于中国营养学会推荐的供给量（RDA）标准，其他营养素的摄入达到或超过RDA标准。认为要提高膳食中膳食纤维的摄入量，除膳食中增加富含纤维的天然食物外，必要时应采用添加膳食纤维的食品，并应加强对糖尿病患者有关饮食治疗的教育，使病人对此有正确的理解，合理地安排饮食。

It is known that dietary fiber does benefit diabetic patients by reducing the rate of glucose absorption and thus reducing postprandial hyperglycemia and lessening insulin responses. It can also decrease the plasma lipid and prevent constipation. Thirty six patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were investigated for the dietary fiber content in 1995. These patients,aged 62～ 87 yer, have had diabetes education and were followed up regularly in the diabetes clinic of Beijing Hospital. They were asked to make records of daily intake of all kinds of food for three days in each season for two seasons. The daily intake of dietary fiber was calculated as well as the total calories and other nutrients. It was found that the daily dietary fiber was 10. 1 ± 4. 3g, apparently lower than the desired level. The fat intake was higher and the cabohydrates intake was lower than those of recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Calcium, zinc and retinol equivalent were also slightly lower. It is suggested that an increase of supplementary natural fiberrich food are necessary for Chinese elderly diabetic. In addition,further dietary instruction is needed for diabettes.