不同形态饲料对养殖水体中氮磷含量及饲料溶失率的影响

Influence of Different Modality Diets on Nitrogen and Phosphorus and Leaching Ratio of Diets in Water of Aquiculture

用配方相同的膨化、硬颗粒和粉状配合饲料分别饲喂斑点叉尾鮰,通过测定养殖水体中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、有机物耗氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)和饲料中总氮与总磷溶失率的变化来说明不同形态饲料对养殖水体中氮磷含量的影响。结果表明:在同一时间内,粉料养殖水体中的COD、TP、TN、NH3-N含量均要高于颗粒料和膨化料养殖水体中的COD、TP、TN、NH3-N含量,由高到低依次为:粉料>颗粒料>膨化料。饲料中总氮和总磷的溶失率因不同的饲料加工工艺而有较大的差异,粉料组与颗粒料组的总氮和总磷溶失率差异不显著,而此2组与膨化料组的总氮和总磷溶失率差异都极显著,并且粉料的最高,颗粒料的其次,而膨化料的最低。

The juvenile channel catfishes （Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque） were fed with the different modality diets （expansion, pellet, powdery）, and the influence of the different modality diets was studied on the nitrogen and phosphorus and on the leaching ratio of diets through the mensuration of the total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, chemistry oxygen depleted （COD）, amino nitrogen （NH3-N） and the leaching ratio of feed in the water of the aquiculture. The result indicated that the COD,TP, TN and NH3-N of Powdery were more than that of expansion and pellet at the same time, and the sequence was powdery, pellet, expansion from high to low. The leaching ratios of the TN and TP were different for the different process way diets,and they were not greatly different （P〉0.05） between Pellet and Powdery in these feeds, but they were great difference （P〈0. 01） between them and expansion in these feeds. The leaching ratios of the TN and TP of expansion were the lowest.