抗肿瘤药物化疗导致皮肤损伤的护理观察与处理

The Nursing Experience of Skin Injury Caused by Antineoplastic Agents Chemotherapy

目的:总结抗肿瘤药物静脉化疗导致皮肤损伤的护理观察经验与处理方法,分析湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)的治疗作用。方法:回顾性分析因抗肿瘤药物导致皮肤损伤的原因、临床表现和以湿润烧伤膏治疗方法为主的临床疗效;分析对象为2000年6月～2008年6月,因静脉输入抗肿瘤药物而导致的皮肤损伤并接受MEBO治疗的病历资料。结果:符合研究条件者共42例,主要抗肿瘤药物为环磷酰胺、阿霉素、足叶一甙、长春新碱、长春瑞滨、紫杉醇、顺铂、卡铂、奥沙利伯等;所致皮肤损伤程度与治疗药物、外渗持续时间、治疗方法等因素有关,42例全部治愈,无1例因并发皮肤损伤而终止抗肿瘤药物化学治疗。结论:抗肿瘤药物存在诱发皮肤损伤的潜在因素,加强护理观察,早期发现与及时处理可控制病损范围继续扩散,外用湿润烧伤膏治疗可减轻局部疼痛程度,促进损伤皮肤修复、愈合。

Objective： To summarize the nursing experience and treatment method of skin injury caused by antineoplastic agents chemotherapy. To discuss effects of MEBO. Method： The retrospective analysis was carried out, in which the causes of the skin injury resulted from antineoplastic agents chemotherapy, clinical characteristic of the skin injury and clinical effects of treating the skin injury with MEBO Were reviewed. The patients were collected from Jun. 2000 to Jun.2008 who suffered from skin injury caused by intravenous anti - cancer drug. Result： Total of 42 cases meeting the research enrollment standard. The involved antineoplastic agents chemotherapy included cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, adequate Ye Glycosides, vinblastine, vinorelbine, taxinol, C - DDP, Carboplatin etc. The degree of the skin injury was highly related with anti - cancer drug＇ s nature, extravasation duration and treatment method etc. All 42 cases were healed. No case to terminate the treatment of antineoplastic agents chemotherapy because of the skin injury. Conclusion ： The antineoplastic agents chemotherapy can induce the skin injury, early finding and timely treatment can control the skin injury. MEBO application as topic drug can relieve the pain and promote skin injury repaired and healed.