儿童亲社会行为测量回顾与反思

A Review on the Measures of Children's Prosocial Behavior

文章回顾了国内外有代表性的两类亲社会行为测量工具:一类是以生活学习情境或者以故事情境为特点的儿童自陈量表;另一类是以学校同伴和教师或者父母评价为特点的他评量表。在此基础上,文章对未来研究进行了展望:界定亲社会行为概念,明确要测什么;把握亲社会行为的一般性和情境特异性;在通过多来源评定的方式提高亲社会行为测量的可靠性之外,还需了解不同来源评定的差异及其原因,由此促进儿童亲社会测量进一步发展完善。

The paper reviewed two types of typical measures, used both internationly and in China, on children prosocial behavior. They were child self-reporting, based on life and study contexts and story, and other-rating scales （including peer nomination, teacher and parent rating）. On the basis of reviewing, proposed issues for further studies included definition of prosocial behavior in children, global versus situation-specific measures, and multi-sources of informants and their differences.