提高保水剂中淀粉水解率的研究

Study on the Hydrolysis Rate-raising of Starch in Moisture-holding Agent

[目的]为合成高效保水剂奠定良好基础。[方法]通过一系列试验对提高淀粉糊化率方法进行探讨,采用GB5009.7-85直接滴定法计算在不同条件下淀粉糊化率的大小,考察盐酸、水用量、糊化温度、糊化时间等对糊化率的影响。[结果]95℃下的水解率明显高于同等盐酸用量时低温下的水解率;淀粉水解程度与盐酸用量具有同向增长趋势,在95℃条件下,水解率随着盐酸用量的增加而提高,当盐酸用量高于6 ml时,水解率反而下降;水解后溶液所测葡萄糖含量会随着糊化时间的增大而升高,而在90 min左右,葡萄糖含量会达到极大值;在加入150 ml水时,葡萄糖含量最大。[结论]5 g淀粉在150 ml水中95℃条件下,使用6 ml HCl(1∶1)糊化90 min,最大水解率可达到52.5%。

[Objective] The solid foundation for the synthesis of high-efficiency moisture-holding agent was laid. [Methnd] The testing method of the ratio of starch gelatinization was researched through a series of experiment. The effect of the hydrochloric acid, water-using amount, gelatinization temperature and time on the gelatinization rate was analyzed based on the calculation of the gelatinization rate with the direct titration method（GB 5009 .7-85） under different conditions. [ Results] The hydrolysis rate under the condition of below 95 ℃ was significantly higher than that under low temperature with same amount of hydrochloric acid. There was the positive relationship between the degree of starch hydrolysis and the amount of hydrochloric acid. Under the condition of 95 ℃, the hydrolysis rate was raised with the araount-inereasing of hydrochloric acid; the hydrolysis rate was declined when the hydrocbloric acid consumption was more than 6 ml. The content of glucose in the hydrolysis solution was increased as the gelatinization time was prolonged and the maximum value appeared in the 90th, min; and there was the most content of glucose when 150 ml water was added. [Conclusion] The maaximum hydrolysis rate could reach 52.5 % under the condition of 5 g starch in 150 ml water,6 ml HCl （1 ： 1 ）, gelatinization time for 90 min in 95 ℃.