2种浮床植物对大清河水质净化效果的研究

Effect of Two Kinds of Plants on the Water Purification of Daqinghe River

[目的]为秋冬季节选育不同类型的浮床植物净化污水提供参考,为滇池流域本土植物在浮床系统中的推广应用提供理论依据。[方法]用严重富营养化水体大清河水培育美人蕉和伞草,同时设不培育植物的大清河污水为对照,研究美人蕉和伞草2种浮床植物对大清河水质的净化效果。[结果]利用云南土著植物美人蕉和伞草在秋冬季节处理大清河污水具有良好的净化效果。2种植物在污水中均能正常生长发育。对污水中TN、TP的去除率,美人蕉达到84%、80%,伞草达到77%、72%;对TN、TP的平均生物量去除速率,美人蕉为21.697、.97 mg/(kg.d),伞草为12.315、.95 mg/(kg.d)。培育美人蕉和伞草的污水中叶绿素和浮游生物量明显下降,与原污水相比较,浮游生物量分别降低了82%和68%。[结论]美人蕉和伞草能去除污水中大部分的污染物。

[Objective] The reference for wastewater purification with different species of plants in autumn and winter and the theoretical basis of the development and utilization of the native plants in Dianchi lake basin were provided. [Method] The effect of Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius on the purification of Daqinghe river was studied with the experiment of plants cultured in eutrophication water. [ Results] The good effect on water quality purification was produced when the native Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius were planted in eutrophication water. The two species of plants in eutrophication water can normally grow and develop. The removal rate of TN and TP of Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius in eutrophication water was as high as 84% and 80%, 77% and 72%, respectively. The average biomass removal rate of TN and TP of Conna indiea and Cyperus alternifolius was 21.69 and 7.97 mg/（kg/d）, 12.31 and 5.95 mg/（kg/d）, respectively. The content of chlorophyll and plankton decreased significantly in eutrophication water growing Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius. The amount of plankton was decreased by 82% and 68%, respectively, comparing with raw wastewater. [Conclusion] Canna indica and Cyperus alternifolius can remove most of the pollutants in wastewater.