早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果分析

AN ANALYSIS OF RETINOPATHY SCREENING IN PRETERM INFANTS

目的通过对早产儿进行视网膜病变(ROP)筛查,了解我院早产儿ROP的发病状况,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法对2007年1～12月在我院出生的41例早产儿82只眼进行ROP的筛查。所有病儿检查前1h使用5g/L托吡卡胺和5g/L盐酸去氧肾上腺素滴眼液(美多丽)点双眼,每次1滴,共2次。瞳孔充分散大之后,用爱尔凯因表面麻醉,眼睑拉钩开睑,在暗室中应用双目间接检眼镜、28D凸透镜观察眼底,并通过巩膜压迫器检查病儿周边视网膜情况。结果41例病儿有5例(8只眼)出现ROP,占12.2%。3例(5只眼)进行了视网膜激光光凝术,此3例病儿体质量均低于2000g,其中1例有吸氧史。随访5个月,病情均得到控制。本组其他病儿均观察至视网膜完全血管化。结论低体质量是早产儿ROP发生的重要因素。对早产儿进行ROP筛查并及时进行有效治疗,可控制病变,降低早产儿的致盲率。

Objective To investigate the incidence of retinopathy in preterm infants of our hospital and analyze the related factors. Methods Forty-one preterm infants （82 eyes） born in our hospital from January 2007 to November 2007 were examined. One hour before examination, all infants were given eye drops （Tropicamide Phenylephrine Eye Drops） twice a day （1 drop/ time）. When the pupil was completely enlarged, Alcaine was then used for surface anesthesia, the fundus was examined with 28 D double aspheric and indirect ophthalmoscope in the dark room, and the peripheral retina was examined with sclera depressor. The results were recorded according to the national criteria. Results Five cases （8 eyes） were found to have retinopathy （12.2 %）, of whom, three cases （5 eyes） were treated with retinal photoeoagulation, whose average weight was lower than 2 000 g at birth, and one had a history of oxygen inhalation. Five-month follow-up showed the disease was controlled. The rest were followed until retinal vascularization appeared. Conclusion Low body weight was an important factor leading to retinopathy. A screening of retinopathy for preterm babies and early effective therapy can control the development of disease and decrease the incidence of blindness.