今、帛本《易传》“刚柔”解《易》的诠释学考察

On the Hermeneutics of Hardness-softness in the Yizhuan of the Silk Manuscript and Current Version

在任何一个解释活动中,概念范畴都作为重要的前提限定着意义的生成,"刚柔"在今帛本《易传》中就作为基本的范畴性前提而存在。《易传》形成时,人们对"刚柔"的涵义及内在关系即有着一定的基本理解。"刚柔"被用以解《易》时,这些涵义及内在关系便被赋予《周易》文本,从而使《周易》生成了丰富的意义;同时,在此过程中作为前提性范畴的"刚柔"也实现了意义增值。今帛本《易传》对"刚柔"的把握既有同又有异,故而对《周易》的解释也有所差别。今本《易传》中,"刚柔"观念的"人文义"、"秩序义"、"变动相推义"作为"前理解"构成解《易》的前提,限定着今本《易传》的意义生成;而在帛书《易传》中,除此诸"义"之外,更突出了"刚柔"范畴的"相济义",从而使其易学解释、意义生成展现出自己的特点。

In any hermeneutics activity, conception and category as important premises limit the generation of meanings. The concept of hardness-seftness functions as this kind of category premise in beth the silk manuscript and current versions of the Yizhuan （ Commentaries on the Text of the Zhouyi）. When the Yizhuan was beginning to take shape, people had certain understanding on the conno- tations of hardness and softness as well as correlation between them, which enriched the original meanings of the Text of the Zhouyi. At the same time, hardness and softness as categories of promise realized accretion of implications. Because there are similarities and differences in apprehending hardness and softness between the silk manuscript Yizhuan and received version of Yizhuan, their interpretations of the import of the Zhouyi are also different in some aspects. In the Yizhuan of the received version, the connotations of humanity, order and interaction as presuppositions constitute the premise in interpreting the Yi and restrict the generation of meanings of this version. Yet, in the silk manuscript of Yizhuan, besides the above-mentioned connotations, it gives prominence to the interde- pendence between hardness and softness, and displays its particular characteristic in interpreting the Yi.