亚硫酸法糖厂滤泥改良石灰土试验研究

Study on Calcareous Soil Amelioration with Filtered Sludge of Sugar Refinery

本文依据研究区石灰土的特点,采用亚硫酸法(亚法)糖厂滤泥改良石灰土对比试验,从岩溶地质过程来探讨其改良机理。试验结果表明:亚法糖厂滤泥呈弱酸性,且富含有机质和营养元素,在增加土壤有机质、改善土壤理化性状、减少钙镁含量、降低pH值等方面,表现出较常规有机肥料更好的效果;滤泥腐化产生的有机酸和CO2,促进岩溶作用的正向运动,进一步降低土壤pH值和Ca、Mg元素含量,更利于土壤营养元素的释放和有效化,土壤改良效果与溶蚀速率、土壤CO2浓度呈显著的正相关;滤泥与其它常规有机肥料混合施用,改变了土壤微生物区系、数量和多样性,增强了改良效果,但不同的搭配类型,土壤微生物活性、中间产物有机酸和CO2浓度差异大,导致岩溶作用强度和改良效果的显著差异,均表现出:S4>S2>S3>S1。当搭配方式适宜时,滤泥改良经济效益高于常规有机肥料,滤泥处理增加产值以S4最大,达到3578.9元/hm2;增加投资的产投比以S3最大,达到4.88。

In this article, based on characteristics of calcareous soil in study area, the contrast experimental study about calcareous soil amelioration with the filtered sludge of the sugar refinery have been conducted, and according to karst geological processes the mechanism have been explored. The results showed that, the filtered sludge of the sugar refinery assumes the low-acid and contains the organic matter and the nutritive elements richly, in these aspects of increasing soil organic matter, improving soil physical and chemical properties, reducing calcium magnesium content and pH value, and so on. The improvement effects of the filtered mud were better than those of ordinary organic fertilizer; the organic acid and CO2 that were produced by the mud putrefication promote karst processes to move forward, and then reduce pH value and Ca,Mg element content further, favour the release and effectuation of soil nutritive elements, and the calcareous soil improvement effects were positively correlated with corrosional rate and CO2 concentration content; The mud with other conventional organic fertilizer mix employment, changed the soil microflora, microbial quantity and diversity, enhanced the improvement effects, but the different matching type, soil microbial activities, the intermediate product organic acid and the CO2 density were different, result in the karst function intensity and the improvement effect remarkable difference,the results indicated that those were S4〉S2〉S3〉S1.The economic efficiency of soil amelioration with the mud is higher than that of the conventional organic fertilizer, while the matching type is suitable, in various soil amelioration plans with the mud processes, the increased income of S4 is the biggest, achieves 3578.9 Yuan/hm2; The ratio of output to input of the increased investment ofS3 is the biggest, achieves 4.88.