普通玉米主要品质性状杂种优势研究

Heterosis analysis of quality traits on maize(Zea mays L.)

利用普通玉米的10个骨干自交系按不完全双列杂交法组配成45个组合,分析了10个自交系及其杂交一代的4个主要品质性状(粗淀粉、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、赖氨酸)的杂种优势及其亲子关系.结果表明:玉米4个品质性状的杂种优势以粗淀粉含量最强,其次是粗脂肪含量,而粗蛋白和赖氨酸含量呈现负的杂种优势,且各性状不同组合的杂种优势存在着较大差异;粗淀粉含量、粗脂肪含量和粗蛋白含量亲子相关性达到了显著或极显著水平,而赖氨酸含量亲子相关性极弱.

Forty-five hybrids derived from 10 maize inbred lines by Griffing＇s Method 4 were used to an alyze heterosis of 4 quality traits （starch, oil, protein and lysine）. The results indicated that the heterosis of starch content was the highest among 4 quality traits, and heterosis of oil content was in the second rank. However, negative heterosis was observed for protein and lysine content. Furthermore,moderate positive correlations were revealed between parent and their F1 generation for starch content, oil content and protein content, and parent displayed very weak correlation with their F1 generation for lysine.