基于Bernoulli效应的便携式清淤机设计及试验

Design and test of the portable dredging machine based on Bernoulli effect

以河网地区小河道清淤为主要目的,在SolidWorks软件上设计了一台C-DX便携式清淤机.清淤机离析机构的技术原理基于Bernoulli效应理论.室内试验研究了3种不同孔径的喷嘴在离析机构1/4小开度阀位工况下的管道出口泥沙输送量与密度,综合技术指标,推荐的喷嘴孔径为9.0 mm.现场清淤试验在河道中检验了清淤机的整体特性,给出了235 m长距离或45 m短距离泥浆输送情况下的扬程高度与排淤量的运行参数.样机试验结果表明,基于伯努利效应的清淤机具有体积小、出流量大、泥浆浓度高等优点,能较好适应河道宽度、水深、土质等要素变化.最后指出泥浆浓度的大小涉及沉积物的物理、化学、生态性质以及清淤机性能.

A main objective of this paper is the successful design of the C-DX portable dredging machine on the platform of SolidWorks, which will be mainly applied to small rivers. Inside the eductor pump, the Bernoulli effect causes suction at the suction head. Laboratory researches on the pipeline sediment and density with three different diameter nozzles in 1/4 of full-open valve condition are conducted, and a 9.0 mm diameter nozzle is then recommended. Operating parameters are analyzed under two conditions of 235 meters and 45 meters pipe translation distances. The prototype tests are carried out and the results show that based on the Bernoulli effect, the dredging machine is designed with small size, huge flow-out, and high mud concentration. The machine has the ability to adapt easily to the parameters of river width, water depth and soil texture, etc.. Finally this paper also points out that the percentage of mud concentration is actually related to bed sediment physics, bed sediment chemistry, natural river ecosystem and machine performance.