文明类型论纲

The Outline of the Discussion about Types of Civilization

与改革开放的成就和中国特色社会主义理论相比,马克思主义基础理论的发展显得远远落后。基础理论面临的任务是"科学革命"和"范式"变换。要完成这一创新任务,必须与时俱进,转换理论视角——从过去研究社会主义(与资本主义对立)的视角转向研究文明类型的视角,从中弄清楚中华文明的类型、特征和发展规律,弄清楚中国特色社会主义的历史地位。主导性整合要素是划分文明类型的根据,据此可以把世界现存主要文明划分为宗教主导型文明(印度文明)、政治主导型文明(中华文明)、经济主导型文明(西方文明)等类型。不同文明有各具特色的社会历史发展阶段,有各自在发展过程中容易出现的偏向和问题。从发展趋势看,宗教将逐渐失去主导性整合要素的地位和作用;同时,不同文明类型之间将逐渐趋近。文明类型研究对马克思主义基础理论的与时俱进具有重要作用,也对继续推进改革有指导作用。

Compared with the achievements of the opening-up and reform,the progress of basic Marxist theory seems to lag behind.The task which is faced with by the basic theory is 'scientific revolution'and the change of 'mode'.To achieve this innovation task,we must keep pace with the times,adjust the theory angle——from the previous angle of view with the socialism(opposite to capitalism) as the study subject to the angle of studying types of civilization,therefore we can clearly understand the type,the characteristic and the development law of Chinese culture,and understand the historic status of socialism with Chinese character.Dominant integrating elements are the foundation to classify different types of civilization such as religion-dominant civilization(Indian civilization),polotics-dominant civilization(Chinese civilization),economy-dominant civilization(west civilization).Different civilizations have different developing stages in history and the possible deviations and problems.From the angle of development,religion will gradually lose its dominant position and effects;at the same time,civilizations of different kinds will narrow their differences step by step.The study of types of civilization plays a key role in keeping pace with the times for the Marxist basic theory.