舟山市公共场所集中空调通风系统污染状况调查

Survey on the situation of contamination in the ventilation system of central air conditioning in public places of Zhoushan city

[目的]了解舟山市公共场所空气质量的现状,集中空调通风系统运行和清洗情况以及军团菌污染情况,为改善公共场所室内空气质量提供依据。[方法]选取32家有集中空调通风系统的单位,对集中空调通风系统所服务的公共场所中的CO、CO2、PM10、新风量、细菌总数,通风管道的积尘量、真菌总数、细菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌,送风口细菌和真菌总数,以及冷凝水和冷却水中的嗜肺军团菌进行检测和评价。[结果]室内空气质量中,送风口细菌和真菌总数合格率分别为37.50%、46.88%,通风管道细菌和真菌总数合格率为65.63%、81.25%,管道积尘合格率为81.25%,新风量合格率为62.50%,CO2合格率为81.25%,CO、PM10、空气中细菌合格率均为100.00%,未检出溶血性链球菌,军团菌总的检出率为35.71%。[结论]舟山市集中空调通风系统已对室内空气造成了一定的污染,对人群健康有潜在危害。要提高室内空气质量,必须加强空调通风系统的管理,对空调通风系统要定期清洗和消毒,从而阻断呼吸道疾病的传播途径,切实保护公共场所中人群的健康。

[ Objective] To know the current situation of air quality in public places of Zhoushan city, the running and cleaning of the central air conditioning ventilation systems, and the status of Legionella bacteria contamination, in order to improve indoor air quality in public places. [ Methods] 22 units with central air conditioning ventilation system were investigated. The content of CO, CO2 , PM10, the volume of outdoor air and the total number of bacteria in public places with ventilation systems of central air conditioning, the content of the dust and the total number of fungi, bacteria, β - hemolytic streptococcus in ventilation pipes, the total number of bacteria and fungi in wind sending outlet, as well as condensed water and Legionella pneumophila of cooling water were tested and evaluated. [ Results] The pass rate of the total number of bacteria and fungi in sending outlet were 37.50%, 46.88% respectively. The pass rate of the total number of bacteria and fungi in ventilation pipes were 65.63%, 81.25% respectively. Pipelines dust pass rate was 81.25%. Qualified fresh air was 62.50%. Carbon dioxide was 81.25%. Carbon monoxide, PM^0 and bacteria in the air were 100.00%. Hemolytic streptococcus was not detected while the detection rate of Legiouella bacteria was 35.71%. [ Conclusion ] In Zhoushan city, the ventilation system of central air con- ditioning has an impact on indoor air quality, as well as human health. To improve indoor air quality, we must strengthen the management of ventilation systems of air conditioning, clean and disinfect ventilation systems of air conditioning regularly. Thus, the transmission of respiratory diseases can be blocked, people＇s health in public places can be protected.