旅游环境容量模型的改进及应用探讨

Improvement and Application of a Modified Tourism Environmental Carrying Capacity Model

通过对旅游环境容量传统量测模型进行评价,认为传统模型未考虑旅游者在景区内时空分布不均衡的问题。传统模型量测所得结果可能导致容量指标的过高估值,容易引起景区超载问题,不利于资源合理利用。在前人研究基础上,根据旅游环境容量自身静态和动态结合的特点,充分考虑到旅游者在时间、空间分布的不平衡,提出了旅游环境容量的改进模型。模型既注重整个景区又不忽视局部景点,计算所得旅游环境容量不管是在宏观,还是微观方面都更趋于合理。模型的应用结合景区先进的经营管理模式,能有效保证热点景点在旅游高峰时刻不超载。从而使整个景区的经济效益和生态效益在一定阶段内达到最大化。最后,以浙江金华双龙景区为例,进行了实证研究。

The unbalanced time-space distribution of tourists in scenic areas is not taken into account in the conventional measure ment model of tourism carrying capacity. The conventional measurement model may overrate the tourism carrying capacity, and lead to the overloading of the scenic area, which goes against the reasonable use of resources. In order to overcome the limitation of the conventional model, an improved models of the tourism carrying capacity is proposed in the present paper, based on the characteristics of tourism carrying capacity. The model pays due attention both to the whole scenic area and to the local spot. The result calculated through the improved model is more reasonable macroscopically and microscopically. Combined with the advanced management and operation pattern, this model can effectively avoid overloading of the hotspot in the traveling rush moment, which is useful for the harmonious development of economic and ecological benefit. Finally the model is validated in Shuanglong Scenic Area in Jinhua, Zhejiang.