大枣的化学成分

Chemical Constituents from the Fruits of Ziziphus jujuba

目的:对大枣的化学成分进行研究。方法:采用硅胶柱层析及聚酰胺柱层析等色谱技术分离并纯化化合物,根据理化性质及波谱技术鉴定其结构。结果:从大枣的水提取物和乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为:(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-羟基二十四烷酰胺]-8-十八烯-1,3,4-三醇(1)、1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-羟基二十四烷酰胺]-8-十八烯-1,3,4-三醇(2)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(3)、2α-羟基乌苏酸(4)、3β,6β-豆甾烷-4-烯-3,6-二醇(5)、β-谷甾醇(6)、胡萝卜苷(7)、十七烷酸(8)、二十四烷酸(9)、芦丁(10)、D-葡萄糖(11)。结论:化合物1和2为首次从枣属植物中分得的神经酰胺及脑苷脂类化合物,化合物4、5、8和9为首次从该植物中分得。

AIM： To study the chemical constituents from the fruits of Ziziphus jujuba. METHODS： The compounds were isolated by column chromatography using silica gel and polyamide, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical methods. RESULTS： Eleven compounds were obtained from the water extract or ethanol extract, and their structures were elucidated as （2S, 3S, 4R, 8E）-2-[（2＇R）-2＇-hydroxy-tetracosanoyl]- 8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol （1）, 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-（2S, 3S, 4R, 8E）-2-[（2＇R）-2＇-hydroxy-tetracosanoyl]-8-octadecene- 1, 3, 4-triol （2）, maslinic acid （3）, 2α-hydroxyursolic acid （4）, 3β, 6β-stigmast-4-en-3, 6-diol （5）, fl-sitosterol （6）, daucosterol （7）, heptadecanoic acid （8）, tetracosanoic acid （9）, rutin （10）, and D-glucose （11）. CONCLUSION： Compounds 1 and 2 are the ceramide- and cerebroside-type constituents obtained from the genus Ziziphus for the first time, and compounds 4, 5, 8 and 9 have been obtained from this plant for the first time.