建国君民 教学为先——品读《学记》教育智慧

Giving Priority to Education in Building up a Country and Governing Its People——An Interpretation of the Educational Wisdom in Records of Education

《学记》是我国最早的一部教育学专著,"建国君民,教学为先","化民成俗,其必由学"是其总纲,为了保证总纲的顺利实施,《学记》继而提出了一套相对完整的学制体系、管理制度、教学原则和教学方法,并对教师提出了严格的要求。《学记》中的"教学为先"、"教学相长"、"长善救失"、"善喻"等命题,具有长久的生命力和影响力,对于当前的教育改革具有重要的启示。

Records of Education is the earliest monograph of pedagogy in our country. Its general principle is ＂giving priority to education in building up a country and governing its people＂ and ＂transforming the people and perfecting the manners and customs through education. ＂ A relatively complete set of educational system and management system is established and teaching principles and methods are presented. Meanwhile, strict requirements are made for teachers to fulfill this principle. And its propositions such as ＂education should be put first＂, ＂teaching and learning promote and enhance each other＂, ＂promote pupil＇ s virtues and correct their defects＂, and ＂be good at telling parables＂ have abiding vitality and influence, and may serve as an inspiration to the current reforms in education.