衢州市1950-2006年流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological features of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Quzhou City,1950-2006

目的了解衢州市流脑的流行特征和规律,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对衢州市1950-2006年流脑的流行特征进行分析。结果1950-2006年衢州市累计报告流脑病例30294例,死亡1455例,年平均发病率为28.11/10万,病死率为4.80%。全年均有发病,冬春季高发,3月份为发病高峰,占报告发病总数的42.85%。病例主要集中在15岁以下儿童,职业以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,占36.60%。结论加强流脑监测,关注菌群的变迁,实施预防接种,对控制流脑的发生和流行具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the epidemiological features of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Quzhou City, and to provide scientific evidence for formulation of relevant prevention and control measures. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was applied to the analysis of the epidemiological features of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Quzhou city from 1950 to 2006. Results The epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis reported a total of 30 294 cases including 1 455 deaths. The incidence rate of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis was 28.11/100 000 on average per year, and the fatality rate of epidemic cerehrospinal meningitis was 4,80 %. There were cases reported all-year with a higher occurrence in winter and spring and the highest occurrence in March accounting for 42.85 % of the total of cases. The cases were mainly in children under 15 years concentrating on those living seatteredly or in nursery, who accounted for 36.60% of the total of cases. Conclusions It is necessary to enhance surveillance and the forecast of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, and concerning the change in the epidemic virus groups, to ensure routine preventive vaccination. It is signficant to control the occurrences and epidemics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis.