宋代徽州程氏家族进士考论

Observations of Scholars in Family Cheng of Huizhou in Song Dynasty

徽州程氏自始迁祖程元谭始,不断繁衍,成为当地望族。入宋后,程氏家族积极适应时代转型,崇文抑武,逐渐走上科举仕宦之途,南宋中后期,出现了休宁会里、汊口等地累世科第的盛况,并由此出现诸如程元凤、程大昌等显宦,活跃于南宋风云变幻的政治舞台。徽州程氏家族科举仕宦的成功,取决于徽州县学、私学的兴盛,家族经济条件的殷实,良好的家庭教育环境,家族女性成员良好的涵养等因素。

After the first immigrant ancestor Cbeng Yuantan, the family of Cheng in Huizhou has multiplied descendants continuously and become the local distinguished family. The family of Cheng took part in the social transformation actively in Song Dynasty. They elevated the Civilian Official and debased the Military Officer. They stood out in imperial examinations and became officials gradually. In the mid and late period of the Southern Song Dynasty, in Huili, Chakou of Xiuning and some other places, several generations in the family of Cheng had passed the imperial examinations, and some dignitaries such as Cheng Yuanfeng, Cheng Dacheng appeared in this way. They performed actively in a changeable political stage of the Southern Song Dynasty. We ascribe their success to such factors as prosperity of the country schools and the private schools, economic conditions of the rich families, good environment of family education and fine qualities of women in the family.