绿色荧光蛋白

Green Fluorescent Protein

绿色荧光蛋白是46多年前从多管水母体内发现的,它可以在蓝光或紫外光激发下发射绿光。由于它稳定的结构和光物理性质,又易于在细胞内表达,近些年作为标记物已经被广泛地应用于生命科学领域。本文简要介绍了水母发光蛋白与绿色荧光蛋白的关系、绿色荧光蛋白的结构、发色团的形成、发光机制、变异体以及它的特点和应用。

Green fluorescent protein（GFP）was discovered 46 years ago from Aequorea Victoria, it can emit green light under excitation of blue or UV irradiation. GFP as a marker for gene expression and localization of gene products has been widely used in life sciences for the past years because of its stable structure and photophysical property and easy expression in cells. A brief introduction on the relationship of aequorin and GFP, GFP structure, chromophore formation, and the mechanism of bioluminescence, also the variants, characteristic and application are presented in this paper.