环境污染与经济增长——基于省际面板数据的区域差异研究

Environmental Pollution and Economic Growth: Research Based on China's Provincial Data for Difference Areas

由于经济增长导致越来越严重的环境污染,且随着社会对环境质量要求的提高,环境已经成为经济社会的重要稀缺资源,使得在经济活动对环境变化产生影响的同时,环境变化也对经济产生了影响。采用构建产出方程与污染方程的方法,使用1998-2006年中国30个省市6类环境指标的面板数据,通过面板单位根检验、协整检验和Granger因果检验等方法来考察国内东、中、西三大地区的环境污染变量与人均收入之间的关系,并在此基础上进行方程估计。实证结果为三地区的人均收入与环境污染变量之间均存在协整关系,但各地区的产出方程与污染方程的估计结果则存在人口,资本投资,进出口贸易额,外商直接投资,环保投资等方面的差异。表明:①经济增长与环境污染存在双向作用;②经济增长与环境污染之间的关系存在着显著的区域差异。

With the more and more serious enviromnental pollution caused by economic growth and the enhancement of consumer＇ s requirement for envimmnent quality, the environment has become a very important rare resource in economic society. Environmental changes impact economy when environment is impacted by economic changes. Based on six environmental indicators of China＇ s 30 provincial areas in the period 1998 - 2006, the paper analyzes the relationship between environment and per capital income in the east, center, west areas of China by building pollution and output equation and utilizing panel unit root, panel cointegration and Granger causality test. The results show that there is cointegration relationship between the average capital income and environment variable in the three areas. But the estimate result of output equation and pollution equation differs from one area to another in population, capital investment, import and export turnover, direct investment from foreign merchants, investment on environment protection, etc. These lead to the conclusion that the relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth has a mutual and significant difference for three areas.