液体中电火花表面改性技术研究进展

Research progress on surface modification in technology liquid by electric spark

液体中电火花(高能微弧火花)表面改性是改善金属表面性能的一种特殊的处理技术。该技术基于电火花放电的原理,采用在液体中添加粉末、利用液体的分解或电极的分解在很短的时间内在金属材料表面形成颗粒增强型或固溶强化型的改性层。本文对放电的基本原理、表面改性的工艺过程均做了介绍。分析了极性效应、放电参数(如电压、电流)以及液体介质的种类对金属表面改性层形成的影响,同时对液体中的电火花表面改性技术的前景与不足作了展望。

Surface modification technology by（high energy micro-arc）electric spark in liquid is a novel technology used to improve the surface properties of the metal.Based on the principle of electric discharge a particle reinforced or solid solution strengthening modified layer forms on the metal surface through the way of addition of powder in the liquid,decomposition of the liquid or electrode in a very short period of time.The basic principles of electric discharge and surface modification process are introduced.The influence of polarity effect,discharge parameters（e.g.voltage and current）and the different types of liquid on the formation of modified layer on the metal surface is analyzed.The prospect and the shortcomings of the surface modification technology by electric spark in liquid are outlooked.