鸡Mx基因2032位点单核苷酸多态性研究

Study on the Polymorphism of Mx Gene 2032 Position in Chicken

研究采用错配PCIK-IKFLP的方法对15个品种鸡的Mx基因进行筛查，旨在探索不同鸡品种Mx cDNA第2032位点抗病基因A与易感等位基因G的多态性，为生产转基因鸡的可行性提供理论基础。结果表明：15个鸡品种Mx基因的2032位点存在A、G2个等位基因，AA、AG、GG3种基因型，其中鹿苑鸡、狼山鸡、斗鸡未发现AA型个体，茶花鸡、红色原鸡未发现GG个体；携带帆抗性基因A和易感基因G的比例分别是0．350、0．650：抗性等住基因A的检测比例为0．034～0．984。红色原鸡的抗性等位基因A基因频率（0．984）高于地方鸡种的抗性等住基因A的基因频率（0．321）；地方鸡种中的观赏型、蛋肉兼用型、肉用型、蛋用型鸡种的抗性等位基因A的基因频率分别为0．221、0．297、0．425、0．462。χ^2适合性检验表明，15个品种的鸡群均处于Hardy—Weinberg平衡状态。

A mismatch PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） methods was used to study the 15 breeds of chicken Mx gene. The aim was to detect the difference of frequency of Mx resistance gene A and susceptibility gene G in different breeds. The results showed that 14 breeds of chicken Mx gene 2032 points existed two gene alleles, three kinds of genotype, which Luyuan chicken, Langshan chicken, Game chicken were found no AA genotype, Chahua chicken found no GG genotype; the average of resistance gene A and sensitive gene G was 0.358, 0.642. The frequency of resistance alleles A was from 0.034 to 0.846. The frequency of Mx resistance gene A in Red Jungle flow（0.984） was much higher than that of other native population （0.321）. The 14 native breeds were divided into 4 types which include eggs typed, meat typed, both eggs and meat typed, watch typed, and their frequency of resistance Mx gene A were 0.221, 0.297, 0.425, 0.462, respectively. Meanwhile the result of Chi Square test indicated that all the populations were fit with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.