不同无土栽培基质配比对3种草本植物生长的影响

The effects of different soilless cultivation substrates on three grasses growth

采用草炭、草木灰、枯落物、腐殖质作为栽培基质来代替土壤,按照一定的体积比进行混合,制出4种无土栽培基质,并加入一定量的保水剂、鸡粪、磷酸二铵、硫酸钾;装入上为砂布下为无纺布制成的布袋中,将其铺于上下透气的钢丝网坪床上,并在其上撒播高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)、披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)。通过对不同配比基质保水性能分析、植株的存活情况、株高、生物量情况的生长、生理指标进行观测研究,筛选出最适宜各个草种生长的无土栽培基质。试验结果表明:A3绿化基质是最适合披碱草植株生长的基质,A4绿化基质是最适合高羊茅植株生长的基质,A2绿化基质是最适合紫花苜蓿植株生长得基质。

The experiment used turf, plant ash, litter and humus to make soilless cultivated substrates instead of soil. We mixed these materials in volumetric proportions and made four soilless growing substrates, and added certain amount of Water Retaining Agent, chicken manure, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate in them. Then we filled them in the hoppocket made by gauze on the top and nonwoven fabrics in the base and put them on the steel wire. Sowing three kinds of seeds, Elymus dahuricus Turcz, Festuca arundinacea and Medicago sativa Lirm., on the four growing substrates. By analyzing the growth and physiological indexes, we chose the best growing substrates which suited for each kind of grass seed. The results showed that growing substrate A3 was the best substrate for the grass seed Elymus dahuricus Turcz, growing substrate A4 was the best substrate for the grass seed Festuca arundinacea, and growing substrate A2 was the best substrate for the grass seed Medicago sativa Linn.