英租威海卫时期土地交易习惯的历史考察

Land Transactions in Weihaiwei during the British Colonial Period

在英租时期,威海卫地区的乡村社会呈现出特殊的形态。乡村社会中土地流转比较频繁,土地权属关系表现多样化,社会秩序更加复杂多变。选取土地交易和土地诉讼为研究对象,利用民间契约文书、官方诉讼档案、社会调查及碑刻文献等第一手资料,从国家与社会互动的角度,考察了先买、除留、转租和升科这四种中国传统习惯。

Under the British colonial ruling, the rural community in Weihaiwei assumed a complicated form--land transfer became more frequent, land ownership was diversified and social order was even more complex and unstable. This paper studies the land transactions and land lawsuits from the perspective of the state and society interaction using first-hand materials from civilian contracts, official lawsuits archives, surveys and stone inscriptions. Four forms of transaction are studied： pre-emption, chuliu, sublease and shengke.