一般流体智力的脑成像研究述评

The Brain-Imaging Studies on General Fluid Intelligence:A Review

对一般流体智力的脑成像研究有助于探明智力的脑机制。从结构成像与功能成像两个方面阐述了相关的研究。已有研究表明,一般流体智力与总的脑体积、额叶或其他多个脑区的灰质体积中等正相关。一般智力(g)因素负荷高的任务比负荷低的任务引发特定脑区更大的激活。较早的研究发现一般智力水平个体差异与脑区的激活呈负相关,但此后的一些研究却得到相反的结论。未来的研究应加强对个体差异的研究,将脑成像技术与EEG或ERP技术结合起来,整合多水平(心理测量、遗传学等)的研究结果,进一步阐明一般流体智力的脑机制。

The brain-imaging studies on the general fluid intelligence will contribute to the comprehension of the brain mechanism of intelligence.We introduced related researches from two ways：structural imaging and functional imaging.Works on brain structure revealed a moderately positive correlation between general fluid intelligence and the total brain volume and the gray volumes of frontal or other brain areas.The high-g loading tasks induced more active brain activities than the low-g loading tasks in certain brain areas.Early studies revealed a negative correlation between the levels of general fluid intelligence and the levels of brain activation, but later studies had found contrary outcomes.Studies in the future should increase researches of individual differences, combine techniques of brain-imaging with EEG or ERP, clarify the brain mechanism of intelligence by integrating multi-level outcomes.