论共同侵权行为的本质

Study on the Essence of Joint Tort

共同侵权行为是侵权行为法律制度当中一个极其重要的问题,而共同侵权行为的本质又是共同侵权行为法律制度的核心问题。对于共同侵权行为本质的认识主要有四种观点,其中,"共同故意说"和"共同过错说"称为主观说;"共同行为说"和"关联共同说"称为客观说。对共同侵权行为本质的认识应采取"折中说",其具体要求是:构成共同侵权,数个加害人均需要有过错,或者为故意或者为过失,但是无须共同的故意或者意思上的联络;各加害人的过错的具体内容是相同的或者相似的。

Joint tort is a very important part of the torts law. The essence of the joint tort is the core of the joint tort. There are mainly four viewpoints toward the essence of the joint tort. Joint deliberation and joint faults are subjective viewpoints whereas joint action and relevant action are objective viewpoints. This thesis doesn＇t agree with either of them. This thesis adopts a neutral viewpoint toward the essence of joint tort. This thesis proposes that in causing joint tort, several inflicters share faults which are either intentional or involuntary but not jointly intentional or related. The specific details of each inflicter are the same or similar.