双性化人格研究:回顾与反思

The Review and Counter think on the study of Androgyny

通过对国内外双性化人格研究的梳理,发现迄今的研究涉及到如下几个方面:(1)从年龄阶段上看,有中学生、大学生和老年人;(2)从职业分布上看,主要涉及学生、教师和运动员;(3)研究的内容主要集中在情绪特征、社会适应性、人际关系、依赖性、应对方式、心理健康水平、人格特质、自尊水平、自信心、创造性水平、高级神经活动类型、人口学分布特征等具体变量与双性化人格两两之间的关系;(4)双性化人格的跨文化研究和城乡对比。总的看来,已有的研究大都证明了双性化人格在很多方面是积极的、有利于个体心理发展和社会适应的,还没有研究证明双性化人格对个体、对社会有什么不利的影响,双性化人格是一种理想化的性别角色模式。未来的研究应注意以下几点:(1)加大研究力度,扩大研究规模;(2)寻求研究方法上的突破;(3)加强跨文化研究;(4)探究双性化和应付方式与主观幸福感的关系及其相互作用的机制。

By the literature of androgyny we found the researches camed down to：（1）The ages included middle school students, undergraduates and the elderly; （2）The occupations included students, teachers and athletes; （3）The contents focus on the relationships between androgyny and emotion, social adaptivity, interpersonal relationship, coping styles, mental health, personality trait, self-esteem, self-trust, creativity, higher nerve activity type ect; （4）Included cross-culture research and the contrast between cities and rural areas. In sum, the researches showed that the androgyny is a ideal gender-role model. The unborn researches should to do： （1）Inercasing study forces, enlarge study scopes; （2）Seeking the breakthrough in approach; （3）Strengthen cress-cnlture study; （4）Exploring the relationship between androgyny and coping styles and subjective well-being.