生态补偿与黄河水源涵养区可持续生计——以甘南牧区为例

Ecological Compensation and Sustainable Livelihood in the Yellow River Water Conservation District-A Case Study of Gannan Pasturing Area

黄河水源涵养区的高寒草原是我国西部重要的生态屏障,对于中下游经济发达地区具有十分重要的生态价值,但长期以来由于社会对生态产品的无偿占用导致牧区畜牧产品对生态产品的竞争和侵占,其结果为生态退化和生计衰微。该文以历史的视角,用可持续生计框架分析了甘南牧区牧业生计的脆弱性,并引入生计可持续力函数(FSL)来定量分析了生态补偿的可行性,得出生态补偿扩展了牧民的生计资产五边形图,进而提高了牧民生计的可持续性。

The grassland of Yellow River Water Conservation District is an important ecological barrier in western China. It is of great ecological value for the economically developed regions in the middle and lower leaches, but a long -time free use of ecological products leads to animal products＇competition in occupying ecologi cal products, which caused ecological degradation and livelihood decline. In historical perspective and sustainable livelihoods framework, this paper analyzes vulnerability of the stock raising livelihood in Gannan pasturing area, then introduces the function of sustainable livelihood （FSL） to the quantitative analysis of the feasibility of ecological compensation, which shows that ecological compensation expands the pentagon of livelihood assets and increases the sustainability of herdsmen＇s livelihood.