生态风险评估在环境管理中的应用

The Application of Ecological Risk Assessment in Environment Management

生态风险评估(Ecological Risk Assessment,ERA)是评价人类活动对生态系统中生物可能构成的危害效应。从生物体和种群、群落和生态系统、区域和景观不同水平综述了生态风险研究现状,在此基础上阐述了问题表述、风险分析、风险表征到风险交流与管理的生态风险评估管理框架,展望了生态风险评估在环境管理中应用前景。

As an assessment tool, Ecological Risk Assessment（ERA） mainly aims at the harms on organism in ecosystem because of human activity. This paper tries to review the advance in the research on ecological risk assessment of different levels including population, organism, community, ecosystem, region and habitat, and then expatiates the management framework for ecological risk assessment which includes the problem formulation, risk analysis, risk characterization and risk management. Finally, the future prospect of ERA applied to environment management has been put forward.