魏晋南北朝考课等第的划分

The Ranking of the Order of Merit System in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

以一定地域范围的同级别官员作参照物,如各州郡以本辖区官员相比、朝廷以天下同类级别官员相比,来确定不同范围官员的考课等第。魏晋南北朝考课等第的划分等级时有变化,适应了对官员升降赏罚的政治需要,强化了考课的黜陟功能。

The ranking of the order of merit system was determined with reterence to officials at same level within a certain area. For example, each state and prefecture compared officials under its jurisdiction, and the royal government compared officials of the same rank within the country. This ranking system underwent freque＇nt changes in Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern dynasties, having thus adapted to the political need of officials＇ promotion, demotion, reward and punishment, and strengthened the function of demotion and promotion of the merit system.