热红外遥感在地震监测预测中的应用

Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing Applied to Earthquake Monitoring and Prediction

卫星热红外遥感技术在地震监测预测中的应用已取得了一定实效,利用这一技术成功预报了一些地震,并对地震的前兆热信息进行了大量实验研究。热红外异常发生的机制主要为地球放气说和应力致热学说。通过分析和总结临震热异常特征,介绍了几种热异常提取方法和判定方法,表明随卫星遥感技术的进步和研究工作的深入,热红外遥感应能在地震监测预报中发挥重要作用。

Satellite thermal infrared remote sensing has been used in earthquake monitoring and prediction with some practical results; a number of earthquakes were successfully forecasted, such as Ms 6.0 earthquake on Mach 12, 1991 in Taiwan Nantou County, Ms 6.8 earthquake on April 20, 1992 in Taiwan Hualan, M, 6.4 earthquake on May 13 1997 in Japanese Kagoshima, M. 5.4 earthquake on May 17, 1997 in Xinjiang Jiashi. A great number of studies were carried out on earthquake＇s precursor thermal information, on the mechanism of thermal infrared anomaly, mainly, the hypothesis of the Earth discharging gasses and that of stress inducing heat, and on the pre-earthquake thermal anomaly characteristics. This paper also reviews several thermal anomaly extraction methods, showing that with the progress of satellite remote sensing techniques, the thermal infrared remote sensing will play an important role in the seismic surveillance and forecasting.