可持续生计分析框架下农户生计资本的调查与分析--以南水北调(中线)工程库区为例

A Survey of Farmers' Livelihood Capital in the Framework of the Sustainable Livelihood Approach:A Case Study of the Reservoir Zone of the South-to-North Water Transfer (Middle Line) Project

可持续生计分析框架是一种甄别农户生计可持续发展主要限制因素及其相互关系的集成分析方法和建设性工具。本文借助于这一研究框架,利用南水北调(中线)工程的实地调查数据,对库区农户生计资本现状进行了实证分析。研究发现,库区农户生计资本整体脆弱,生计资本的社会融合程度低。在南水北调工程的外力冲击作用下,库区农户必须借助移民开发政策与生态补偿机制实现生计资本的优化和转型;同时,应重点着眼于以人力资本为主线的生计可持续发展能力培育,为生计模式向可持续转化创造条件。

The sustainable livelihood approach is an integrated analytical method and constructive tool to identify the main constraints on farmers'sustainable livelihood and the relationship between them.In the light of this framework,the present paper makes an empirical study of the status quo of the livelihood capital of the farming households in the reservoir zone,on the basis of the data from the field survey of the South-to-North Water Transfer(middle line)Project.The research has revealed that the farmers' livelihood capital is fragile on the whole and its social fusion is generally low.With the external impact of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project,the farmers in the reservoir zone must rely on developmental resettlement policy and the ecological compensation mechanisms to transform and optimize their livelihood capital.At the same time,a high premium should be placed on the cultivation of their competence for sustainable livelihood development by exploiting the human capital,so as to create favorable conditions for the transformation of the conventional livelihood pattern into a sustainable one.