20世纪俄语语用学研究

A Review of 20th Century Pragmatic Research in Russia

从早期论述主观情态意义时提出"人的因素"这一语用思想,到后来深入研究言语行为理论、重新界定施为句以及挖掘其表现形式,乃至探究言语动作和言语活动理论,这些都体现了俄罗斯语言学家对语用学理论的发展与贡献,使得俄语语用学理论成为20世纪俄罗斯语言学的宝贵遗产之一。

In their work on subjective modal meanings during the early period, the Russian scholars had already postulated the notion of ＂human factor＂, which is shared by the Western pragmatics later on. The 70s witnessed a beginning stage of the Russian pragmatic study, when the Western philosophical theories on language including speech act theories were introduced and reviewed. Beginning from the mid-80s, more original research was done, when, for example, performatives were defined anew and their forms of expression were examined, and speech modes and activities were studied and theories thereof were put forward. All these indicate that Russian linguists have made important contributions to the development of pragmatics on the whole and that the Russian theories of pragmatics have become invaluable legacies of the 20th century to the Russian linguistics.