二语词汇能力及其测试

L2 Lexical Competence and Its Assessment

词汇能力是指词汇的运用和提取能力,它对语言能力有很强的预测性。词汇能力的全面评估应覆盖词汇广度、词汇深度和词汇知识提取的速度。对前两者的评估或测试相对容易,目前国内外常见的是这两个方面的测试工具。3种测量词汇深度知识的工具是:词频概貌测试、词汇联想测试和词汇知识5级量表(VKS)。对词汇提取速度的评估和测量难度较大,测试工具尚未出现。

Lexical competence, an efficient predictor of language proficiency, involves the ability of lexical use and retrieval. The comprehensive assessment of lexical competence involves the following three dimensions： breadth of vocabulary, depth of vocabulary and retrieval speed of vocabulary knowledge. The relative easiness of assessing the former two contributes to the worldwide commonness of their testing instruments. While the difficulty of testing word retrieval speed leads to the lack of its testing instruments. RANGE, Word Associates Test and VKS are the three commonly-used testing instruments of vocabulary depth.