印度人移民海外的历史及相关问题

The Migration History of Overseas Indians and the Related Issues

印度人移民海外始于近代,大致可分为两个时期、若干高潮。古代印度并无大规模移民海外的情况。首批印度海外移民是由英国殖民统治者组织的,其身份为契约劳工。其后的移民多为自发行为,人身也是自由的。独立前的海外移民和独立后的海外移民与印度的关系和对印度的感情是有一定差别的。关于近现代印度人移民海外的几大高潮的划分,在印度学界和官方仍存有一定的争议。

The migration history of overseas Indians can be divided into two phases which consist of several tides. In ancient times, there was no large - scale migration out of India. The first large scale of migration from India was organized by the British colonialists, and the Indian migrants were indentured labors. New migrations after that were self - sponsored, and there was no restriction of freedom over the migrants. There are some differences of relationships with and feelings to- wards India between the new migrants and the old diaspora. There are some disputes in Indian academic circle and Indian government regarding the definition of the tides of Indian migrations.