托马斯·阿奎那意志自由对伦理之善的神圣与世俗共构

Aquinas' Freedom of Will: as an Integration of the Sacred and the Secular

阿奎那认为,自由适用于发自理智和意志(即理性能力)的行为,阿奎那称其为人性行为。人性行为即伦理行为。人的伦理善之完成(道德实践)同时仰赖理智与意志两者的相互配合,而人的行动由潜能到实现的过程端赖自由意志的促动。追求伦理之善即追求人性的成全与自足。意志自由因包含"对己之爱"指向现世人生,又以终极之善为最终的超越指向,并遵循自然法或本性之律之规定,由此而在伦理之善的神圣与世俗间构架起通桥。

Abstract：According to Thomas Aquinas, human acts are the acts that produced by intellect and will, which connects with freedom of will. The ethical goods （moral practice） rely on the coordinate of intellect and free will, but it is the free will that promotes the process of human acts which develop from potency to action. Ethical goods mean the perfection of human nature. On one hand, Aquinas＇ freedom of will links secular life in the sense of ＂loving one＇s self＂, on the other, it also connects transcendental end and follows natural law, which integrates the sacred and the secular closely.