少数民族地区儿童伤害与人格特征的相关性

The relationship between injury and personality characters among children in a minority area

目的:了解儿童意外伤害发生现状及其与人格特征之间的关系,为采取有效干预措施提供依据。方法:使用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和伤害调查表对百色市1 189名小学生进行问卷调查。结果:伤害发生率为54.84%;意外伤害与性格关系的病例对照研究显示,病例组与对照组的L分之间差异无显著性,而P、N、E分之间差异有显著性(P<0.01),外向性格的儿童较内向性格儿童易受伤害,且性格孤僻和情绪不稳定的儿童也较易受伤害。结论:应针对儿童人格特征与意外伤害之间的关系,重点对外向性性格、孤僻和情绪不稳定的儿童采取有效地安全健康教育措施,同时注重健全人格的塑造,减少儿童意外伤害的发生。

Objective： To relationship between injury and personality characters among children in a minority area, provide evidences for carrying out effective intervention study. Methods： 1 189 primary school students filled in questionnaires, including EPQ and injury questionnaire. Results ： The incidence of injury was 54. 84%. The case - control study about the relationship of injury and personality characters showed that there was no significant difference in L value between case group and control group, there was significant difference in P, N, E value between case group and control group （P 〈0. 01 ） . Children with extraversive character were prone to being injured than those with introversive character, and those with unsociability and emotional instability were prone to being injured, too. Conclusion： Children with extraversion character, unsociability and emotional instability are key target population in safety health education. In addition, shaping healthy personality should be emphasized in order to decrease injury occurrence.