地方政府土地违法行为的治理与制度创新

Governance to Illegal Activities of Local Government in Land Use and System Creation

我国土地管理法律法规中有关地方政府的义务规定欠缺,权力监督不足,责任体系不完善,以致地方政府土地违法行为得不到有效控制。解决的方法是更新治理的理念。新的治理(公共治理)包括公共协商、权力合法、组织协作、回应等观念。它可以改变制度的价值取向,弥补义务规定不足,实现权责的一致,转变传统的监督方式,从而解决因制度缺陷而导致的地方政府土地违法行为失控问题。土地利用中的公共治理观念的建立,还需要一些配套制度,如权力平衡机制、绩效评估机制、责任机制、权利保障机制等的实施。

There are defects in the responsibility, power and accountability to the local government, so the illegal activities of the local government cannot be controlled. The way is to change the idea. Public governance includes the public deliberation, power legality, organization collaboration and responsiveness, so it contributes to change the system values, complement the responsibility, unify the responsibility with the accountability and change the traditional supervision. To establish the public governance, some new systems are needed, such as the power balance, performance assessment, accountability and right protection.