生产函数的性质和利润率的变化规律

The Properties of Production Function and the Law of Changes in Profit Rate

利润率的变化趋势是马克思主义政治经济学中的一个重要问题。以往的许多研究没有充分地考虑生产函数的作用和利润最大化的要求,因而不能全面地揭示利润率的变化规律。实际上,按照利润最大化的要求,以及给定其他一些相当宽松的条件如产品的价格和投入要素的价格均保持不变,利润率的变化趋势将完全取决于生产函数的具体形式。换句话说,在利润最大化的假定条件下,生产函数的性质决定了利润率的变化规律。

The trend of profit rate is an important issue in Marxian political economics.Many researches in the past did not consider the role of production function and the requirement of maximization of profit fully,and therefore,did not reveal the law of change in profit rate totally.In fact,according to the requirement of maximization of profit,and the other rather loosely conditions,such as keeping prices of product and inputs fixed,the trend of profit rate will be determined by the forms of production function.