重庆市某郊区学龄前儿童维生素A营养状况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on nutrition status and effect factors of vitamin A in preschool children of a suburb of Chongqing city

目的:了解学龄前儿童维生素A营养状况,并对其影响因素进行分析,为制定适当的干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样,对重庆市某郊区8个幼儿园3～6岁878名儿童进行现况调查,包括身体测量指标检查、生化指标检查(用高效液相色谱测定血清视黄醇)及相关影响因素问卷调查。结果:儿童血清视黄醇(VA)平均值(1.064±0.272)μmol/L,VA缺乏(VA浓度<0.7μmol/L)的检出率为22.41%(234/878),亚临床缺乏(0.7μmol/L<VA浓度<1.05μmol/L)的检出率为36.11%(377/878)。经非条件Logistic回归分析得出,饮食因素和常见病的发生是儿童VA水平的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:学龄前儿童维生素A的营养状况非常差,可探索营养健康教育、预防控制常见病的发生、强化食品等以改善学龄前儿童维生素A营养状况。

Objective： To analyze the status of vitamin A deficiency （VAD）, to explore its affecting factors in preschool children of a suburb of Chongqing city, provide a scientific basis for developing appropriate interventions. Methods： 878 children from 8 kindergar- tens in a suburb of Chongqing were selected for clinical examination by cluster sampling method, health and dietary questionnaire and serum level of vitamin A measurement. The serum levels of vitamin A were examined by HPLC and the serum levels of RBP and PA were examined by ELISA. Results ： The average serum level of vitamin A was （ 1. 064 ± 0. 272 ） μmol/L. The detection rate of vitamin A dificienty was 22. 41% （234/878）, and that of sub -clinical vitamin A deficiency was 36. 11% （377/878） . The non -conditional logistic regression analysis showed that dietary factors and the common diseases in children were risk factors （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion ： Tbe children in a suburb of Chongqing city have serious vitamin A nutrition problem. Preventive measures including nutrition education, controlling common disease and enriched food should be taken.